Garlic fertilization

Soil

1. 1. Fertile, humus-rich, light sandy loam and clay loam soils with an organic matter content of at least 3%, which warm up quickly in spring and provide sufficient moisture, are suitable for growing garlic;
2. 2. Garlic can also be grown in cultivated peat soils;
3. 3. Heavy, overmoistened, late spring warming, sandy and acidic soils are not suitable;
4. 4. In sandy soils, garlic grows small, in clay soils, growth may stop in dry conditions;
5. 5. Optimal pHKCl reaction 6 - 6.8;
6. 6. Open, sunny places protected from north and northeast winds are chosen for cultivation of field garlic;
7. 7. Garlic in less diseased soils with natural fertility, high microbiological activity and good supply of trace elements.

Soil preparation

1. 1. The best root crops for growing garlic are cereals, cauliflower, cabbage, carrots, celery, cabbage, radishes, cucumbers, tomatoes, legumes, pumpkins, spinach and corn;
2. 2. It is not recommended to grow garlic after bulbous plants (onions, garlic, leeks, also onion flowers), potatoes and grasses;
3. 3. Garlic is grown in one place no more than once every 3 years.
4. 4. The place intended for growing garlic should be prepared already in autumn;
5. 5. The soil is peeled first;
6. 6. The first time it is done after harvesting, and repeatedly - after weed germination with a ploughshare, spade, chisel-shaped branch and other peelers;
7. 7. After that, the soil is plowed to a depth of 25 - 30 cm;
8. 8. If it is done in spring, then 20 - 25 cm;
9. 9. With autumn plowing, sprouted weeds are destroyed;
10. 10. If there are perennial weeds in the field (creeping spikelet), peeling is repeated after 3 - 5 weeks;
11. 11. It is recommended to apply organic fertilizer to the pre-plant;
12. 12. In accordance with the current legislation, the amount of N given with the total amount of applied manure may not exceed 170 kg N/ha;
13. 13. In the spring, when the soil dries up, the field is leveled twice. It delays the drying of the soil and improves the porosity of the top layer of the soil;
14. 14. Using grooved or pine rollers, cultivate the soil (twice), also incorporating mineral fertilizer;
15. 15. The second cultivation is carried out shallow -3 - 5 cm deep;
16. 16. In heavier soils, soil slippage is carried out simultaneously with harrowing;
17. 17. In order to prepare a cleaner field, it can be shallowly watered several times, - this way the germinating weeds are destroyed;
18. 18. If possible, it is best to prepare the soil with a compactor immediately before sowing the onions, as soon as the soil has dried enough, but still retains enough moisture;
19. 19. Garlic can be grown in row columns or beds.

Soil and plant fertilization conditions

1. 1. In order to obtain a high-quality harvest of garlic, it is recommended to use balanced complex mineral fertilizers, which also contain trace elements.
2. 2. Nutrient delivery for garlic:

• 3. Fertilizer doses depend on the planned harvest and the results of soil analyses;
• 4. Approximate doses of fertilizer for garlic are: N 80 kg/ha, P2O5 80 - 120 kg/ha, K2O 150 - 200 kg/ha, S 80 kg/ha;
• 5. For summer garlic, a nitrogen dose of 80 kg/ha is incorporated into the basic fertilizer before planting;
• 6. For winter garlic, the nitrogen dose depends on the nitrogen supply of the soil before planting;
• 7. Nitrogen may not be used in fertile soil in autumn, but the first supplementary fertilization should be carried out as early as possible in spring, as soon as possible in the field;
• 8. During the vegetation period, additional fertilization with nitrogen is carried out 2 - 3 times for garlic, applying up to 50 kg/ha each time;
• 9. Phosphorus and potassium fertilizers are incorporated into basic fertilization in autumn, complex mineral fertilizer can also be incorporated in spring before planting summer garlic;
• 10. For summer garlic, potassium and phosphorus fertilizers are applied in autumn, it is recommended to use complex mineral fertilizer in spring;
• 11. Before planting, incorporate a third of the nitrogen dose, the rest is given in two additional fertilizing times;
• 12. For winter garlic, it is recommended to apply the complex mineral fertilizer divided, half of the intended dose is applied before planting, the other part in May - during the period of intensive growth.
• 13. During the growing period, garlic is subjected to several additional fertilizations;
• 14. The first supplementary fertilization with nitrogen for winter garlic is carried out in mid-April (if the weather is cool and the soil is cold - supplementary fertilization through the leaves is recommended), for summer garlic after germination;
• 15. The last additional fertilizing of winter garlic is done in June, giving fertilizer containing potassium and sulfur;
• 16. Additional fertilizing at a later time prevents the ripening of winter garlic and promotes the spread of infections;
• 17. The necessary trace elements manganese, zinc, selenium are provided by additional fertilization through the leaves, using complex leaf fertilizers;
• 18. Additional fertilizing through the leaves is also recommended in adverse weather conditions (drought, heat, prolonged rain, hail);
• 19. Starting from mid-July, it is recommended to use fertilizers with a low nitrogen content for additional fertilization of summer garlic.